General Knowledge for SSC Exams (The Executive)

The President

The President of India is the constitutional head of a parliamentary system of government. He represents the nation but does not rule it. The real power vests with the council of ministers. The President is elected by an electoral college consisting of:

1. Elected members of the Parliament (both Houses), and
2. Elected members of the state legislature.

Qualifications

1. He must be a citizen of India.
2. He must not be less than 35 years of age.
3. He must be qualified to be an elected member of the Lok Sabha but shall not a sitting member.
4. He must not be holding any office of profit under the Government of India or any other governments.

Tenure: Elected for five years but is eligible for immediate re-election and can serve any number of terms.
Emoluments: Rs. 1,50,000 per month, Ex-president receives a pension of Rs. 75,000 per month.

Powers

1. Executive and Administrative Powers: He appoints the senior officials of the state including the Prime Minister. All union terriotories are under the President of India.

2. Legislative Power: (a) Appoints 12 member to the Rajyaaa Sabha and two Anglo-Indian members to the Lok Sabha: (b) Dissolves the House of People: (c) Assents or withholds his assent to any Bill passed by the Parliament; (d) Issues ordinances.

3. Financial Powers: (a) Causes the budget to be laid before the Parliament; (b) Sanctions introduction of money bills: (c) Apportions revenue between the Centre and the States.

4. Judicial Powers: Empowered to grant pardons, reprieve, remit the sentences or suspend,’ remit or commute punishments.

5. Emergency Powers: Article 352 empowers the President to proclaim an emergency and take under his direct charge the administration of any State.

• The President cannot be questioned by any court for the action taken by him in the discharge of his duties. No criminal proceedings can be launched against him. He may be removed from office for violation of the Constitution by impeachment (Article 61).

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