Current Affairs for SSC CGL Exams - 31 January 2019

::NATIONAL::

States may have to use their own funds to meet unpaid wages of MGNREGA

States struggling to pay workers under a national employment guarantee scheme have received additional funds from the Centre to meet their pending liabilities, but the money is unlikely to be sufficient for the rest of the financial year. They may have to use their own funds to meet unpaid wages for the next two months, says the Centre.
The financial statement of the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) scheme shows that as on January 30, 19 States and Union Territories were in the red, with liabilities ranging as high as Rs. 1,605 crore in Andhra Pradesh and Rs. 1,342 crore in West Bengal. Nationally, the scheme shows a negative net balance of Rs. 4,101 crore.
The Rural Development Ministry received a supplementary additional allocation of Rs. 6,084 crore this week, as promised earlier this month. “On Monday, we approved disbursement to States based on their liabilities,” said a senior Ministry official, although this is yet to reflect on the financial statement.
Having paid off liabilities, the scheme will now be left with less than Rs. 2,000 crore for the next two months. “The Ministry has requested another additional allocation of Rs. 5,000 crore,” said the official.

::ECONOMY::

Centre lauds growth of India Post Payment Bank

Union Minister of Railways, Coal, Finance and Corporate Affairs ShriPiyushGoyal has congratulated the Department of Posts and India Post Payments Bank (IPPB) for their tremendous efforts in spreading the activities of the bank.
Speaking at a special function organized to mark completion of two years of IPPB since its pilot launch, he said that by leveraging all 1.55 lakh Post offices across the country, IPPB would be able to provide banking services to the last man in the rural and remote areas and help realizing the dream of Prime Minister of economic transformation and creation of New India with all-encompassing financial inclusion.
Launched on 01st September, 2018 by the Prime Minister of India across 650 districts, in a little over four months, the India Post Payments Bank (IPPB) has rolled out 1.25 lakhs access points across the country. Significantly approximate 1.10 lakh of these Access Points are located in the rural areas.
Since its launch, IPPB has seen good adoption of its services. Over 30 lakh customers have opened savings accounts and are availing banking services like money transfer, bill payments, cash deposits and withdrawal at their doorstep.
Further, almost 1 lakh Post Office Savings Account (POSA) holders have linked their old post office accounts with IPPB to enjoy interoperable banking services through channels like mobile banking, doorstep banking, SMS and IVR which were not available to them earlier.
As a part of its strategy to promote a less cash economy and deepen the digital payments ecosystem, the IPPB has enabled digital payment through a simple QR code at more than 10000 Post Office Counters.

Rail ministry releases IEA’s future rail report

Minister of Railways & Coal, ShriPiyushGoyal launched the report “The Future of Rail” of International Energy Agency (IEA) at an event here today.
“The Future of Rail” the first-of-a-kind report analyses the current and future importance of rail around the world through the perspective of its energy and environmental implications.
The report reviews the impact of existing plans and regulations on the future of rail, and explores the key policies that could help to realise an enhanced future rail.
This first ever global report has a focus on India, elaborating on the unique social and economic role of rail in India, together with its great enduring potential, to show how India can extend and update its networks to harness rail at a scope and scale that is unparalleled.
He added that rail transport is superior to any other form of transport in terms of energy efficiency and being environment friendly. He highlighted the focus on capacity augmentation and infrastructural development by Indian Railways in recent years to make it an engine of growth for the nation.

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::INTERNATIONAL::

Polar Vortex freezes U.S further

A blast of Arctic air from the polar vortex brought dangerous, bone-chilling cold to a wide swath of the United States on Tuesday, stretching from the Dakotas through Maine, with snow expected as far south as Alabama and Georgia.
The Midwest was the hardest-hit region, as temperatures plunged below zero Fahrenheit (-18°C). By nightfall the mercury was hovering at 0°F in Chicago, 7°F (minus 14°C) in Detroit and minus 21°F (minus 29°C) in Minneapolis.
The brutal blast known as the polar vortex is a stream of cold air that spins around the stratosphere over the North Pole, but whose current has been disrupted and is now pushing south into the United States.
Many Midwest cities opened warming shelters. Regional governments closed hundreds of schools and airlines canceled more than 2,000 flights, according to the Flightaware flight tracking website. Many had been destined for Atlanta, where the National Football League's Super Bowl will take place on Sunday.
In Chicago, home to the nation's third-largest school system, officials plan to cancel classes for all 3,60,000 students on Wednesday due to the weather. Detroit also said all public schools would close, and Michigan State University said it would suspend classes, only the seventh time it has done so because of weather since 1855.

U.S intelligence agency warns on communal violence in India ahead of polls

There is an increased risk of communal violence around the elections in India if the BharatiyaJanata Party (BJP) stresses Hindu nationalism, Director of National Intelligence Dan Coats said in a statement titled ‘Worldwide Threat Assessment of the U.S. Intelligence Community’ on Tuesday.
Mr. Coats testified along with CIA Director Gina Haspel, FBI Director Christopher Wray and other intelligence chiefs before the Senate’s Select Committee on Intelligence in connection with the intelligence community’s annual global risk assessment.
Regarding India-Pakistan ties, the assessment was that “continued terrorist attacks and cross-border firing in Kashmir have hardened each country’s position and reduced their political will to seek rapprochement”. Opportunities for improving ties will be constrained as a result of “political manoeuvring” around the elections, the report said.
The report also warned of tense ties between India and China. Chinese President Xi Jinping and Prime Minister Modi did not address border issues during their summit in 2018 (a reference to the Wuhan Summit), the report said, adding that “Misperceptions of military movements or construction might result in tensions escalating into armed conflict.”
The other assessments in the South Asia region include a stalemate in Afghanistan where neither the government forces nor the Taliban will gain an advantage in 2019 if coalition support levels remain the same, the report said.

::SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY::

Study reveals urine from ruminants may add to global warming

Cow urine, a minor fount of research in India for its medicinal benefits — may also contribute to global warming. The urine from the ruminant is a source of nitrous oxide emissions (N2O), a gas that is 300 times more powerful than carbon dioxide.
Most times, when cow urine is used in degraded pastures, which are also seen in vast tracts of land in India, N2O emissions are tripled, says a study conducted in Colombia, Argentina, Brazil, Nicaragua, Trinidad and Tobago.
That cattle and livestock are a significant source of methane, a greenhouse gas, and therefore a contributor to global warming, is well-known. However, the role of cow urine is less understood.
For the study, researchers collected urine from cattle and spilled 500 millilitre samples on paired cattle fields classified as degraded or healthy, which was determined by vegetation coverage. In six of the seven test sites, degraded pastures emitted significantly more N2O — sometimes up to three times as much.
Dung and urine are commonly mixed together for manure in Indian fields. Since, India also hosts the world’s largest livestock population, as well as significant tracts of degraded land, the findings may have a bearing on nitrogen emissions from Indian fields.
Degraded grasslands emitted more N2O than healthy pastures because the vegetation in the latter took up some of the reactive nitrogen compounds and only the leftovers were emitted.

::SPORTS::

India to face Spain in finals of Spanish tour women’s hockey

In Women's Hockey, the final match of the 4-game series between India and World Cup bronze medallists Spain will be played at Murcia this evening. The match will start at 5:30 PM (Indian Standard Time).
The series is currently square at 1-1. India had lost the tour opener, 2-3, before levelling the series with a 5-2 win in the third game. The second match had ended in a 1-1 draw.